Legal and Ethical Issues in Posthumous Art and Artificial Intelligence

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Isabel Jonson

Posthumous art, defined as works created from an artist’s original molds, negatives or plans after an artist’s death, has always been subject to legal and ethical debate. Now, the debate has been reignited by artificial intelligence (“AI”), which generates new content in an artist’s style and may replicate an artist’s voice, image and likeness. The [...]

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Fair Use Defense After Warhol v. Goldsmith SCOTUS Decision

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Sara Etemad-Moghadam

On May 18, 2023, the Supreme Court, in a 7-2 opinion, affirmed the decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in favor of photographer Lynn Goldsmith (“Goldsmith”) holding that the “purpose and character” of the particular commercial use by the Andy Warhol Foundation (“AWF”) of Goldsmith’s photograph did not meet [...]

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Satire and Parody in the Recent SCOTUS Decisions

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Dana Sussman

Update: The Ninth Circuit case Diece-Lisa Industry, Inc. v. Disney Store USA LLC, U.S., No. 22-347, may shed some light on the line between artistic expression and source identification. Originally, the Rogers test had cleared Disney’s use of the mark at issue, but the case has been remanded in light of Jack Daniel’s Inc. v. [...]

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Copyright and Photography: Vila v. Deadly Doll Holds That Photo of a Useful Article of Clothing with Copyrighted Artwork Is Not a Derivative Work

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Dana Sussman

This post is the fifth in a series on Copyright and Photography. Read the first post here, the second post here, the third post here, the fourth post here and the sixth post here. On March 27, 2023, photographer Carlos Vila won a double victory in the United States District Court for the Central District of California in [...]

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Copyright in AI-Generated Artwork

The copyright status of AI-generated art is in turmoil to say the least. The U.S. Copyright Office has repeatedly refused to register a two-dimensional work by computer scientist Stephen Thaler called “A Recent Entrance to Paradise,” most recently in February 2022 when its Review Board denied a second request for reconsideration by Thaler. In his [...]

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