The New Songwriters: AI, Music and the Law

Carolyn Wimbly Martin, Ethan Barr and Katherine Howard-Fudge

In 2023, “Heart on My Sleeve,” a song with Drake and The Weeknd’s voices, began racking up views on Spotify. The problem was that neither Drake nor The Weeknd released or performed the song. It was artificially generated based on hours of their music. An industry turned on its head While the music world has [...]

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Breathing Life Into the Inanimate: The History and the Promise of Artificial Intelligence

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

The concept of anthropomorphic objects is ancient. Long before artificial intelligence entered our homes, our pockets and our vocabulary, it existed in our imaginations. Across continents and cultures, humans have imagined inanimate objects coming to life, taking on human qualities and interacting with us. The theme of imagining life into the lifeless existed in classical [...]

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How Trademarks Can Help Protect Artists: Trademark Law as a Valuable Tool for Artists

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

Trademark law is often overlooked when it comes to protecting artists since copyright typically provides more comprehensive protection, including exclusive rights to control the reproduction, distribution, derivative works, public performance, public display and digital transmission of their work. However, trademark law can also protect artists. A trademark identifies the unique source of goods or services, [...]

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Introduction to the Co-Ownership Series

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

This series highlights the legal complexities of co-ownership of intellectual property — copyrights, trademarks and patents. The assets involved can be as varied as brand names, trademarks and logos, as well as creative works such as songs, artwork, plays, films, music, symbols, inventions and written materials. Co-ownership issues span all industries and affect individuals, collaborators, [...]

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Copyrights and Co-Ownership

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

What is Co-Ownership? In the Supreme Court’s seminal 1884 copyright case, the Court held that an author is the individual who originates, makes and produces the work. Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U.S. 53, 61 (1884). A joint work is a work created by two or more authors who intend that their contributions form [...]

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Trademarks and Co-Ownership

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

A trademark is a word, symbol or device used by an entity or an individual capable of indicating a source of goods or services. 15 U.S.C. § 1127. A trademark functions as a source indicator of reputation and reduces consumer deception. Park 'n Fly v. Dollar Park & Fly, 469 U.S. 189, 198 (1985). Trademarks [...]

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Contracting Checklist for Intellectual Property Co-Ownership Agreements

Carolyn Wimbly Martin and Katherine Howard-Fudge

Creative industries often involve collaborative projects with numerous moving parts, shifting roles, and evolving timelines. Due to this fluidity, it is common for projects to move forward based on informal agreements rather than formal contracts, particularly when resources are limited. In some ways, this flexible approach makes sense as contributors may come and go, and [...]

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Protecting Your Fine Art

Janet Fries and Katherine Howard-Fudge

The City Is a Winter Wonderland © Sonya Sklaroff 2024 Collecting fine art is a passion. However, owners need to be knowledgeable as to the various risks of damage and loss to their collections and take appropriate steps to mitigate those risks. To address some of these issues, we have compiled a four-part series: The [...]

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Consigning Your Art

Janet Fries and Katherine Howard-Fudge

Consignment agreements are contracts between a gallery and an art owner that allow the gallery to display and/or sell the artwork. Like a loan agreement, a consignment agreement does not transfer ownership rights to the gallery and specifies that ownership transfers from the artist directly to the purchaser upon payment in full. These agreements typically [...]

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Art Protection in the Event of Natural Disasters

Janet Fries and Katherine Howard-Fudge

Art is both a cultural and financial asset, making its physical protection crucial. The Los Angeles wildfires in January 2025 underscored the importance of safeguarding works of art. This wasn’t the first wake-up call for threats to art. For example, Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 flooded New York City’s Chelsea art district, leading to numerous [...]

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